Liquid-fuel burner



R. FURNESS AND G. BITTEL.

LIQUID FUEL BURNER.

I APPLICATION FILED DEC-9, I920. J1. A2?,22. nted Aug. 29, 1922.

s m g. MN NQK m m. M w 7 4 in U fia f "3 Z FM v, E .\.-@\HM\ 5 mm Q @w\ v 2 mm it) at if a in U RAIDCLYFFE FUBNESS, F N QWN, AND MARTIN Ga BITTEL, OF NORTH I GLENSIDE, IRENNSYIJVANIA,

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER;

memos.

Specification of letters Patent.

Application fi1ed December 9, 1920. Serial No. 429,359.

' To all 10710772 it may concern:

Be it known that we, BADoLYrrE Fuiuvnss and MARTIN G. Brrrnn, citizens of the United States, residing at Jenkintown and North Glenside, respectively, county of Montgomery, and State of Pennsylvania,

have invented a new and useful Improve.

ment in Liquid-Fuel Burners, of which/the following is a full, clear, and exact descr1ption, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in liquid fuel burners for metallurgical furnaces, boilers, kilns and other heating devices in which liquid fuel is burned.

One of the objects of our invention is to provide a burner in which a more perfect atomization of the liquid fuel is obtained, and therefore a more nearly perfect combustion of the fuel.

This is accomplished by means of a burner having a liquid fuel chamber to which liquid fuel is supplied under pressure and into which is injected fluid from a second chamber which is also supplied under pressure to form an emulsion of liquid and fluid, and which emulsion is injected into a third chamber into a stream of fluid, whereby the globules of liquid are broken up and thoroughly mixed with the fluid to form a combustible mixture or spray, which is delivered to the combustion chamber.

The precise nature of our invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which will now be described, it being premised, however, that changes may be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit and scope of our invention as defined in the appended claims. 1

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section, partially in elevation, of one form of burner constructed in accordance with our invention; and,

Fig. 2 is a side elevation.

In these drawings, the reference character 10 designates a body or base member, having chambers 11' and 12 therein, provided with inlets 13 and 1a, respectively, which extend through suitable nipples, for attaching to pipes or tubes leading from suitable sources of supply.

15 is a tube closed at one end by a plug 16, the other end of which is threaded into an opening in the dividing Wall in the base 10 between the two chambers, the space within said tube 15 forming a continuation of the chamber 11. 17 is an annular flange on the base 10 surrounding the tube 15, but spaced therefrom, and which flange is threaded in- 18 1s a tube one ternally and externally. end of which is screwed into the internal thread of the flange 17, while the other end is closed by means of a plug 19 having a conical end beyond the end of the tube.

Mounted on the exterior ofthe flange 17 and engaging the threads thereon is a shell 20 which extends beyond the plug 19 and is provided with a reducer 21 at its outer end, having a delivery nozzle 22 connected thereto.

23 is a nipple which communicates with the space or what we term the mixing chamber between the shell 20 and the tube 18, and which nipple is connected to any suitable source of fluid supply for delivering either steam or air to the mixing chamber.

The nipple through which the inlet 14 to the chamber 12 extends is connected to a suitable source of liquid fuel supply which is delivered to said chamber under pressure, while the nipple through which the inlet 13 extends isconnected to a pipe which extends from a suitable source of atomizing mediums, from which fluid is supplied under pressure. 7

Liquid fuel is delivered to the chamber 12 within base 10 and as it passes into the tube 18 it is emulsified as the liquid fuel is thoroughly mixed with the fluid, such as air or steam, which is injected into the liquid fuel in fine jets through apl urality of small openings 24 through the rear end of the tube 15, from the chamber 11. The emulsion is forced forward into the emulsion chamber 12 which forms a continuation of the liquid fuel chamber 12, and from which it is forced through a plurality of spirally arranged openings 25 through the forward end of the tube 18 into the mixing chamber between the shell 20 and tube 18.

The jet openings 25 are not only arranged spirally, but are also staggered radially so that the different jets of emulsion will be projected into the moving-annular stream of fluid in. the mixing chamber. at different radial points, to evenly distribute the emulan even her and moves along said chamber in an annular stream over emulsion jet openings'25, and during its passage over said openings thoroughly breaks up the globules of liquid fuel and forms a spray or mixture of fluid and atomized liquid fuel which is delivered to the combustion chamber through the nozzle 22.

the combustion chamber..

A further advantage results from the provision of a burner formed of a base with three tubular members connected thereto to form three concentric chambers which are in communication with each other by means of radial openings through two of'said tubes.

Having now fully described our invention, what'we claim and desire to protect by Letjters Patent is 1. A fuel burner having an annular liquid chamber, means for delivering liquid fuel under pressure thereto, a fluid supply within the liquid chamber for injecting fluid under pressure into the liquid fuel stream within the liquid'chamber to foam the liquid, an annular mixing chamber surrounding the liquid fuel chamber and concentric therewith, means for supplying under pressure an atomizmg fluid to the mixing chamber, and

means for causing jets of foam to be directed into the mixing chamber into the path of the fluid moving therethrough.

2. A liquid fuel burner having a cylindrical central fluid chamber, means for delivering fluid thereto, a concentric liquid fuel chamber, surrounding the fluid chamber,

means for supplying liquid fuel thereto, there being communicating openings between the fluid chamber and the liquid chamber near the rear end of said chambers to admit the fluid into the liquid chamber, an

annular mixing chamber surrounding said other two chambers, there being communicating openings betweenthe mixing chamber and the front of the liquid chamber, means for-delivering an atomizing liquid to the rear end of sald mixmg chamber, and a fuel delivery nozzle connected to the front end of said, mixing chamber.

3*. A liquid fuel burner having a base,- "three concentric shells supported at their rear ends by the base, the inner shell being closed at both ends while the front endithereof is enclosed by the intermediate shell, the

intermediate shell being closed at both ends while the front thereof is enclosed by the outer shell, the outer shell being closed at the connecting delivery pipes to said inlets, a

rear end and having a nozzle at the front end, therebeing a fluid inlet to the rear end of the inner shell, a liquid fuel inlet for ad mitting liquid to the space between the inner and intermediate shells at the rear thereof, an inlet "to the space between the, intermediate shell and the outer shell at the rear thereof, there being'openings through the wall of the inner shell near the rear thereof, there also being openings through the wall of the intermediate shell near the front thereof.

i. A liquid fuel burner having a base member provided with a plurality of chambers, an inlet for each chamber, means for connecting delivery pipes to said inlets, a centrally located cylindrical member closed at the front end communicating with one of said chambers, a second cylindrical member, closed at the front end communicating with the second chamber, said second cylindrical member enclosing the first cylindrical mem her and concentric therewith, there being spirally arranged communicating openings through the inner cylindrical member near the rear end thereof, there also being communicating openings through the second cylindrical member in advance of the openings through the inner member, a third cylindrical member connected'to the base member at its rear end and enclosing the second cylindrical member, an openingv communicating with the rear of the chamber between the second and third cylindrical members, and a delivery nozzle connected to the front end of the third member.

5. A liquid fuel burner having a base member provided with a plurality of chambers, an inlet for each chamber, means for centrally located cylindrical member closed at the front end communicating with one of said chambers, a second cylindrical member closed at the front end communicating with the second chamber, said second cylindrical member enclosing the first cylindrical member and concentric therewith, there being communicating openings through the inner cylindrical member near the rear end thereof, there also being spirally arrangedrcommunicating openings through the second cylindrical member in advance of the openings through the inner member, a third cylindrical member connected to the base member at its rear end and enclosing the second cylindrical member, an opening communicating with the rear of the chamber between the second and third cylindrical members, and a delivery nozzle connected to the front end of the third member.

6. A liquid fuel burnerhaving a basemember provided with a plurality of chambers, an inlet for each chamber, meansfor connecting deliverypipes: to said inlets, a centrally located cylindrical member closed at 130 the front end communicating With one of said chambers, a second cylindrical member closed at the front end communicating with the second chamber, said second cylindrical member enclosing the first cylindrical memher and concentric therewith, there being spirally arranged communicating openings through the inner cylindrical member near the rear end thereof, there also being spirally arranged communicating openings through the second cylindrical member 1n advance of the openings through the inner member, a third cylindrical memher connected to the base member at its rear end and enclosing the second cylindrical member, an opening communicating with the rear of the chamber between the second and third cylindrical members, and a delivery nozzle connected to the front end of the third member.

In testimony of Which invention, We have hereunto set our hands, at Philadelphia, Pa., on this 2nd day of December, 1920.

RADOLYFFE FURNESS. MARTIN G. BITTEL. 

